示例1: 统计数组中的奇数
假设我们有一个整数数组arrayOfIntegers,现在需要统计其中奇数的个数:
const arrayOfIntegers = [1, 4, 5, 9, 0, -1, 5];
使用if
let counter = 0;arrayOfIntegers.forEach((integer) => { const remainder = Math.abs(integer % 2); if (remainder === 1) { counter++; }});console.log(counter);
不用if,使用reduce和forEach
const arrayOfIntegers = [1, 4, 5, 9, 0, -1, 5];let counter = 0;arrayOfIntegers.forEach((integer) => { const remainder = Math.abs(integer % 2); counter += remainder;});console.log(counter);console.log( arrayOfIntegers.reduce( (pre, cur) => pre + Math.abs(cur) % 2 ))不用if时,我们巧妙地利用了奇数与偶数的特性,它们除以2的余数分别是0和1。
示例2: 判断工作日和周末
给定一个日期(比如new Date()),判断它是工作日还是周末,分别返回”weekend”和”weekday”。
使用if
const weekendOrWeekday = (inputDate) => { const day = inputDate.getDay(); if (day === 0 || day === 6) { return 'weekend'; } return 'weekday';// Or, for ternary fans:// return (day === 0 || day === 6) ? 'weekend' : 'weekday';};console.log(weekendOrWeekday(new Date()));
不用if
const weekendOrWeekday = (inputDate) => { const day = inputDate.getDay(); return weekendOrWeekday.labels[day] || weekendOrWeekday.labels['default'];};weekendOrWeekday.labels = { 0: 'weekend', 6: 'weekend', default: 'weekday'};console.log(weekendOrWeekday(new Date()));
你是否发现if语句中其实隐含着一些信息呢?它告诉我们哪一天是周末,哪一天是工作日。因此,要去掉if语句的话,我们只需要把这些信息写入weekendOrWeekday.labels对象,然后直接使用它就好了。
示例3: doubler函数
写一个doubler函数,它会根据参数的类型,进行不同的操作:
-
如果参数是数字,则乘以2(i.e.
5 => 10
,-10 => -20
); -
如果参数是字符串,则每个字符重复2次 (i.e.
'hello' => 'hheelloo'
); -
如果参数是函数,则调用2次;
-
如果参数是数组,则将每一个元素作为参数,调用doubler函数
-
如果参数是对象,则将每个属性值作为参数,调用doubler函数
使用switch
const doubler = (input) => { switch (typeof input) { case 'number': return input + input; case 'string': return input .split('') .map((letter) => letter + letter) .join(''); case 'object': Object.keys(input) .map((key) => (input[key] = doubler(input[key]))); return input; case 'function': input(); input(); }};console.log(doubler(-10));console.log(doubler('hey'));console.log(doubler([5, 'hello']));console.log(doubler({a: 5, b: 'hello'}));console.log( doubler(function () { console.log('call-me'); }),);
不用switch
const doubler = (input) => { return doubler.operationsByType[typeof input](input);};doubler.operationsByType = { number: (input) => input + input, string: (input) => input .split('') .map((letter) => letter + letter) .join(''), function: (input) => { input(); input(); }, object: (input) => { Object.keys(input) .map((key) => (input[key] = doubler(input[key]))); return input; },};console.log(doubler(-10));console.log(doubler('hey'));console.log(doubler([5, 'hello']));console.log(doubler({a: 5, b: 'hello'}));console.log( doubler(function () { console.log('call-me'); }),);
可知,我将每一种参数类型对应的操作绑定到了doubler.operationsByType,这样不需要switch语句,就可以实现doubler函数了。